What Causes High Blood Pressure During Pregnancy?

If left unmanaged, it can affect both the mother and the baby. In this blog post, Dr. Amrapali Dixit, the best gynaecologist in gurgaon, provides insight into the causes of high blood pressure during pregnancy, and management.

Pre-existing Hypertension

Females who already had high blood pressure before pregnancy are more likely to face high readings while expecting. This is called chronic hypertension, and it usually worsens as pregnancy progresses.

First Pregnancy

Research shows that women in their first pregnancy are at a higher risk of developing gestational hypertension compared to those who have been pregnant before. The body undergoes new physiological transformations, which may lead to high blood pressure levels.

Multiple Pregnancy

Carrying more than one baby means the heart and circulatory system must work harder. This added strain increases the chances of high blood pressure during pregnancy.

Age Factor

Maternal age plays an important role. Women who are 35 years or older are at higher risk of hypertension in pregnancy. This happens because, with age, the blood vessels may become less elastic, which can affect blood pressure levels during pregnancy.

Obesity or Excess Weight

Excess body weight puts additional pressure on the heart and blood vessels. Expecting mothers who are overweight are at an increased risk of developing high blood pressure during pregnancy.

Family History of Hypertension

If close family members, such as parents or siblings, have a history of hypertension or preeclampsia, the risk of high blood pressure during pregnancy increases significantly.

Medical Conditions

Certain health issues can raise the risk of high blood pressure in pregnancy. These include:

●     Kidney disease

●     Diabetes

●     Thyroid disorders

●     Autoimmune diseases such as lupus

Unhealthy Lifestyle Habits

Diet and lifestyle choices also contribute to high blood pressure. Factors such as:

●     High salt intake

●     Sedentary lifestyle

●     Smoking

●     Alcohol consumption

can increase the risk during pregnancy.

Placental Issues

In some cases, problems with the placenta may trigger high blood pressure. When the placenta doesn’t develop or function properly, it can lead to abnormal blood flow, resulting in high pressure levels.

Stress and Hormonal Changes

Pregnancy brings emotional, physical, and hormonal changes. Increased stress levels and changes in pregnancy hormones may sometimes contribute to a rise in blood pressure.

How to Reduce the Risk of High Blood Pressure in Pregnancy

With the right lifestyle and medical support, high blood pressure can usually be controlled. Here are some effective tips:

●     Attend regular prenatal check-ups

●     Eat a balanced diet. Add fresh fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and low-fat dairy to your diet.

●     Limit salt intake

●     Do gentle activities like walking or prenatal yoga.

●     Avoid smoking and alcohol because they are both harmful to the mother and baby.

●     Following relaxation techniques like meditation and deep breathing can help.

●     Take prescribed medications

When to See a Doctor

Seek immediate medical help if you experience:

●     Severe headaches

●     Blurred vision or seeing spots

●     Sudden swelling of hands, face, or feet

●     Shortness of breath or chest pain

These could be signs of preeclampsia, which needs urgent attention.

Conclusion:

High blood pressure during pregnancy is a common but serious condition. By understanding the causes and taking preventive steps, expectant mothers can safeguard their health and their baby’s well-being. Regular medical check-ups, a healthy lifestyle, and timely intervention make a significant difference. If you are pregnant or planning to conceive, consult a gynecologist close to you for personalized guidance. Early awareness and care ensure a safe and healthy pregnancy journey.