When buying a home, excitement often overshadows the fine print—but overlooking key documents like the Real Property Report (RPR) could lead to major headaches later. In Alberta, Real Property Reports are a crucial part of most real estate transactions. These documents not only outline property boundaries and structures but also confirm compliance with municipal bylaws.
If you're a homebuyer in Alberta, understanding how RPRs work—and why municipal compliance matters—can save you time, money, and stress down the line.
What Exactly Is a Real Property Report?
A Real Property Report is a legal document prepared by a certified land surveyor. It shows a detailed layout of a property, including:
- Property boundaries
- Location of buildings, fences, decks, sheds, and garages
Easements and utility rights-of-way - Encroachments (if any)
Think of it as a snapshot of the physical features of a property as they exist on the land. It's especially important in Alberta, where real estate professionals, lawyers, and municipalities rely on these reports to verify that properties conform to local regulations.
Why Municipal Compliance Matters
Municipal compliance refers to whether the structures on a property meet the local zoning bylaws and regulations. Once a Real Property Report is completed, it's typically submitted to the municipality for review. If everything is in order, the city or town issues a compliance certificate.
This certificate confirms that the property meets current municipal requirements. Without it, there's no guarantee that the structures on the land—like your garage or fence—were legally constructed or properly placed.
How Non-Compliance Can Affect Buyers
Buying a home without a valid RPR and compliance certificate is risky. You could inherit unresolved issues from the previous owner, such as:
- A deck that crosses the property line into a neighbour’s yard
- A garage built too close to a utility easement
- A fence encroaching on public land
If these issues aren't discovered before closing, the responsibility (and cost) of resolving them may fall on you. This could involve moving structures, applying for permits, or paying legal fees.
When Is an RPR Required?
In Alberta, it's common for sellers to provide an updated Real Property Report with municipal compliance as part of the real estate transaction. However, this isn’t a legal requirement unless specified in the purchase contract. Some buyers or their legal representatives may waive this condition, but doing so isn’t generally advisable.
Lenders and real estate lawyers often request a current RPR to finalize the deal. Without one, mortgage approvals and title insurance could be delayed or denied.
How to Check If the RPR Is Up to Date
If the seller provides an RPR, don’t assume it’s current. Any changes made to the property—like adding a shed or extending a deck—may require an update. A Real Property Report is considered outdated if it doesn’t reflect all permanent structures on the property.
Buyers should:
- Ask when the RPR was last updated
- Review the compliance certificate (and its date of issue)
- Request revisions if new structures were added
This review should happen early in the buying process, ideally before making a firm offer.
Real Property Reports in Alberta play a vital role in ensuring that the home you're buying is compliant and problem-free. While it may seem like just another piece of paperwork, this document can reveal issues that affect your future enjoyment and ownership of the property. Don’t overlook it. Before you sign on the dotted line, make sure your RPR is current, reviewed, and backed by municipal compliance—it’s a step that buyers simply can’t afford to skip.
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